The curative institutions appeared on the territory of the Republic of Moldova only at the beginning of the XIXth century. The oldest hospital of the Republic of Moldova is considered to be the hospital complex of the city of Chisinau, founded in 1813 as a military hospital, but subsequently functioning also as a city hospital of Zemstva. It was located on Drumul Moscovei (currently named as Stefan cel Mare Bvd.) at the corner with A. Lapusneanu Street and included 7 edifices. There are several versions stating that the oldest hospital of Chisinau would be the "The Jewish hospital for the needy persons", situated in the old part of the city, somewhere nearby Causanskaia Street (currently, Columna Street). According to the plan of Chisinau, elaborated in 1817 (the so-called "Ozmidov's Plan") a stone house is underlined, where, pursuant to the legend, the aforementioned hospital was located and existed before 1812 - a year, when Basarabia joined the Tsarist Empire.
In 1834 a Charity Society was founded in Chisinau, which brought together the city hospital, Jewish hospital and two asylums for children and aged people.
The military hospital from Soroca was built in 1838-1846 and was located on 64 "Independence" Street, having a post-classicist architecture.
A historic colonnade was arranged along the western facade of this hospital.
During the second half of the XIXth century the organization of health care in the Province of Basarabia was carried out by the local organisms of Zemstva. An important role in the funding of charity acts played the Orthodox Church, including monasteries, either local or the ones dedicated to the Saint Athos Mountain.
The foundation of specialized curative complexes takes place at the end of the XIXth century. This is the period when the following institutions are created:
- The hospital of contagious diseases (subsequently named as the hospital of infectious diseases), which bears the name of its founder - Dr. Toma Ciorba (1896) and includes 10 blocs constructed according to the project of the architect T.Ginger;
- The Judets of Soroca Hospital;
- Military ambulance with 5 curative blocs and a living house, designed by the engineer Cecher Kus (1905).
- The ambulatory of ophthalmologic diseases of Dr. Julia Kveatkovskaia, constructed in 1909-1914;
- Children hospital founded by Sofia Antonovna Konstantinovici (on the basis of charity asylum in 1843) and located on Nemetkaia Street (today on 7 S. Lazo Street), at the intersection with Fantanilor Street;
- The pneumonic Hospital founded by Vasile Calmutchi, constructed, probably, in 1887 on the current Street M. Cogalniceanu, at the corner with M. Cebotari Street.
The most important complex of sanitary - curative edifices from the end of the XIXth century - beginning of the XXth century represents the complex of the Psychiatric Hospital located on the former monastery estate Costiujeni (today, it is a settlement Codru from the city of Chisinau). The above-mentioned psychiatric hospital was created in conformity with the last recommendations of the European psychiatry of that period. The ensemble structure was gradually formed, starting with the last decade of the XIXth century, the sleeping partners ensuring a continuity of constructive and functional ideas. The current state of the hospital is owed predominantly to the Chief Architect of Chisinau, A.I.Bernardazzi, who, as an entrepreneur, ennobled the facades by means of solutions, proper to his manner of construction and built the edifices of the boarding school and hospital pavilions according to his own projects, since all previous projects, elaborated by the engineer I.Ivanov, became old-fashioned at the beginning of the XXth century.
The charity edifice of Nurses' Community from Harbovat is dating from 1910, having been situated at the intersection of Vlaicu Parcalab and Veronica Micle Streets in Chisinau. The building of this Community, designed in the eclectic style in the first decade of the XXth century by the architect P. Asvadurov, was transformed into the Curative Sanatorium Direction # 4 after the World War II and subsequently, into the Republican Clinical Sanatorium. The hospital from the neighborhood of Stolniceni, Judets of Edinet, founded by Stroiescu family, is dating from the same period. The aforementioned hospital was conceived as a landscape garden, which imparts a unique character to the entire ensemble.
If in 1890 there were only 8 hospital units in Chisinau, then around the World War I, in 1913, there were already 17 hospitals that might dispose over 660 of patients for the inpatient treatment. The centralization and concentration of health care services takes place in the interwar period, which results in the decrease of the number of curative institutions on the one hand and increase of the number of health personnel, as well as in the total rise of places reserved for the patients on the other hand. The Central Clinical Hospital "Chisinau Station" is dating from the Interwar period in Basarabia (37 Gh.Casu Street), inaugurated at the beginning of 1940 at the base of the Romanian Railway Labor House Dispensary of Chisinau station.
The specialized edifices for the pharmacies were built not so often either within the Tsarist period or the Interwar one. This can be explained by the fact that pharmaceutical necessities were adapted to the interiors of common civil edifices. Still, several pharmacies constructed by Zemstvas or by local interwar authorities were preserved in the old villages and cities of Basarabia. Thus, a utilitarian construction dating from the verge of the XIX-XXth centuries was preserved in the village of Tarnova, having been endowed with needed equipment in order to serve as a "rural pharmacy".
In 1934 a pharmacy was constructed in Soroca (69 Independentei Street), which included the pharmacist's dwelling.
The Postwar period is noticeable by the erection of the vast majority of current sanatorium-curative edifices in the Republic of Moldova.
The technical and material base of the hospitals from the city of Chisinau and other cities of Moldova considerably increases in this period. The following institutions are founded within the period of 50 - 60's:
- The Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital of Chisinau (1Toma Ciorba Street, 1945).
- The Municipal Clinical Hospital # 2 (32 Petru Rares Street, 1950);
- The City Children Hospital (former G. Kotovski Street), built in 1955-1956 according to the project of the architect I. Smurun;
- The Railway Hospital of Chisinau (located on 30 Columna Street) constructed in 1954, according to the project of D. Palatnic;
- The Clinical Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopaedy (190, Stefan cel Mare Boulevard and Academia Street), constructed in 1959;
- The Maternity Hospital from Renasterii Boulevard, constructed at the end of 50's in Chisinau, according to the project of the architect A. Genrih.
The most important sanitarium - curative edifices are being built in the Republic of Moldova in 70-80's of the XXth century. These are as follows:
- The Republican Children hospital, located on Bucuresti Street in Chisinau, designed by the architect G. Solominov (1970);
- The Clinical Republican Hospital from Chisinau, located on 29, N. Testemiteanu Street and designed by the architects V.Baklanov, P.Bezrodnii and S.Iahnenco (inaugurated in 1977);
- The Republican Center of Mother and Child Healthcare from Chisinau, (Burebista Street), designed by the architect D.Palatnic (1975-1980) and inaugurated in 1983;
- The Treatment Bloc of the Balti Municipal Hospital, designed by the architect S. Andreuta at the end of 70's - beginning of 80's.
The less important sanitarium curative institutions appeared in the last three decades of the XXth century in all cities and rayon centers of the Republic of Moldova. The construction of the balneo-sanatorium complex in Cahul (a locality in the south of Moldova, where several springs with superior curative mineral water were discovered) takes huge proportions in this period.
